Shot blasting is one of the most crucial processes in manufacturing and finishing, but it can also be incredibly dangerous if not done properly.

The method of shot blasting involves propelling an abrasive media (i.e. a steel shot, glass beads or plastic grit) at a surface to polish it, remove excess contaminants or prepare it for a final covering.

Providing you’re equipped with the appropriate shot blasting equipment, the process is relatively straightforward. However, it comes with its own fair share of risks.

Let’s take a closer look at the hazards associated with abrasive blasting and what safety measure you can take to avoid them.

 

Potential health risks

Back when shot blasting was first developed, workers didn’t take many safety precautions. This meant they were at greater risk of breathing in the dust and particles produced, resulting in respiratory problems.

Although there are a number of safety measures shot blasters can take nowadays, it’s important to be aware of the potential dangers involved with abrasive blasting:

 

·         Hearing loss

Shot blasting machines fire particles at high speeds, requiring powerful motors. On top of this, compression units can be extremely noisy, and when exposed to such volumes for prolonged periods – without the appropriate ear protection – it can lead to semi or permanent hearing loss.

 

·         Respiratory problems

If someone breathes in the dust or particles produced from shot blasting, it can seriously affect their lung function. Abrasive media, such as silica sand, can cause silicosis disease, lung cancer and breathing difficulties. Job sites that use metal particles, on the other hand, may create toxic dust that leads to other health conditions and, in the worst-case scenario, death.

 

·         Skin irritation

As we’ve mentioned already, abrasive blasting can produce a lot of dust – and this can get into clothing quickly. When such substances come into contact with the skin, they can be very itchy, resulting in rashes and other painful skin conditions. It’s also worth noting that this technique is used to remove surface materials – this means, if you accidentally blast your hand, you could end up removing sections of the skin and tissue too.

 

·         Eye damage

Though incredibly tiny, the particles used for shot blasting can do some serious harm if you get them in your eye(s). Whilst an eyebath can help to flush out most of the particulates, some pieces may get stuck and come out naturally, in their own time. Abrasive media can easily scratch the cornea and, when this happens, it can lead to permanent sight loss.

 

4 ways to maximise safety while shot blasting

 

1.    Make sure staff are trained and educated

As an employer, the health and safety of your workforce should be your main priority. Therefore, you must make sure that, before anyone operates shot blasting equipment, they undergo training. They need to know what the possible risks are and how to avoid them, and how to use the apparatus safely. 

 

2.    Separate blasting from other activities

Providing space permits, you should create a designated area for shot blasting, such as a blast room. This will ensure that other employees can keep a safe distance from the blasting zone – preventing them from inhaling the harmful dust and particles generated. It’s also crucial that nobody eats, drinks or smokes near the blasting area, even if they are on a tight deadline.

 

3.    Use blasting cabinets when possible

A blasting cabinet is a self-contained unit that prevents the spread of dangerous contaminants. These cabinets make light work of removing tough corrosion and rust. Alternatively, you may consider using a high-quality ventilation system to remove dust from the air – ensuring minimal risk for everyone in the workplace.

 

4.    Ensure workers have the correct PPE

Having the right PPE for shot blasting – and testing and checking it regularly – is vital.

As a general rule of thumb, workers will need:

  • a blast suit to prevent particles from getting into their clothing
  • a face shield and helmet to protect their head, face and eyes
  • safety glasses or goggles to protect the eyes and reduce the risk of vision loss
  • ear protection, such as ear defenders, earplugs or noise-cancelling headwear, to keep out the loud noises
  • respirators to enable them to breathe without inhaling dangerous particles into their lungs
  • gloves to keep the hands protected at all times

 

For more tips on how to reduce the risks while shot blasting, be sure to get in touch with Surface Finishing Equipment Group (SFEG). We will be more than happy to share our expertise and assist you in taking the necessary steps to enhance the safety of your workers.

Either give us a call on 0161 480 8087 or email sales@sfeg.co.uk, and we’ll get back to you as soon as we can.